Overview
Various programming languages lack proper validation mechanisms for commands and in some cases also fail to escape arguments correctly when invoking commands within a Microsoft Windows environment. The command injection vulnerability in these programming languages, when running on Windows, allows attackers to execute arbitrary code disguised as arguments to the command. This vulnerability may also affect the application that executes commands without specifying the file extension.
Description
Programming languages typically provide a way to execute commands (for e.g., os/exec in Golang) on the operating system to facilitate interaction with the OS. Typically, the programming languages also allow for passing arguments which are considered data (or variables) for the command to be executed. The arguments themselves are expected to be not executable and the command is expected to be executed along with properly escaped arguments, as inputs to the command. Microsoft Windows typically processes these commands using a CreateProcess function that spawns a cmd.exe for execution of the command. Microsoft Windows has documented some of the concerns related to how these should be properly escaped before execution as early as 2011. See https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/blogs/twistylittlepassagesallalike/everyone-quotes-command-line-arguments-the-wrong-way.
A vulnerability was discovered in the way multiple programming languages fail to properly escape the arguments in a Microsoft Windows command execution environment. This can lead confusion at execution time where an expected argument for a command could be executed as another command itself. An attacker with knowledge of the programming language can carefully craft inputs that will be processed by the compiled program as commands. This unexpected behavior is due to lack of neutralization of arguments by the programming language (or its command execution module) ..
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