In a photo from Nature magazine, Henry Moseley holds a glass globe.
Credit: Courtesy of the Smithsonian Archives
World War I, Gallipoli front, the allied forces consisting of the soldiers from Britain, France, Australia, and New Zealand attacked and partly occupied the Gallipoli Peninsula of the Ottoman Empire (present Turkey) starting April 25, 1915. The goal was to control the Straits of the Dardanelles, separating the European part of the Ottoman Empire from its Asian part Anatolia so that the allied battleships can reach Constantinople (Istanbul) and knock out the Ottoman Empire from the war. The other goal was to open a supply line to the Russian Empire that was struggling in battles against Germany on its Western front. Earlier on March 18, 1915, sixteen of the British and French battleships with two ships in reserve had failed to pass through the Dardanelles and retreated with heavy losses. The battles on the Gallipoli front were very bloody and caused heavy casualties totaling to about 250,000 dead or wounded soldiers on each side. One of the bloody battles took place at a hill called Chunuk Bair (Conkbayırı) (280 m high) on August 10, 1915, which was partly occupied by the soldiers from New Zealand, who were later replaced by those from Britain a day earlier. For both sides, this hill was absolutely crucial to the victory or loss of the whole battle of Gallipoli. Early morning, three regiments of the Turkish soldiers attacked the British soldiers and swept them from the hill. Both sides suffered very heavy casualties. Some of the Turkish soldiers reached a place called The Farm about 400 m below the Chunuk Bair, where the 38th Brigade of British soldiers commanded by General Antony Baldwin were trying to attack the hill. The battle was very intense and General Baldwin an ..
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